Banking

Backdoor Monetary Policy
Non-transparent central bank actions that influence liquidity, rates, or markets outside standard public channels.
Bad Bank
A vehicle that purchases and works out non-performing or distressed assets so core banks can clean their balance sheets.
Bad Debt Provision
An accounting charge that sets aside an allowance for expected losses on loans or receivables.
Bad Money Drives Out Good (Gresham’s Law)
When two forms of money circulate at a fixed rate, undervalued ‘good’ money is hoarded while overvalued ‘bad’ money remains in circulation.
Balances with the Bank of England
Reserve balances UK commercial banks hold at the Bank of England to settle payments and meet liquidity needs.
Bank
A financial institution that takes deposits, extends credit, and provides payment and financial services.
Bank Account
An agreement with a bank to hold and manage funds, enabling deposits, withdrawals, and payments.
Bank Deposit
Money placed at a bank that becomes a bank liability and a depositor asset.
Bank for International Settlements
An international institution that supports central bank cooperation, monetary stability, and prudential standards.
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
An international bank established to aid the transition of Central and Eastern Europe and former Soviet states to market economies.
Financial Services Authority (FSA)
The former UK financial regulator (2001-2013) that was replaced by the FCA and PRA after the global financial crisis.
Securities and Investment Board (SIB)
The former UK financial regulator that supervised self-regulating bodies before the modern UK framework.