Credit and Lending

Accounts Receivable
Money owed to a firm by customers for goods/services already delivered; a key working-capital item tied to trade credit.
Arrears
Overdue payments on a contract (rent, mortgage, utilities, child support) after one or more missed due dates.
Bad Debt
Debt that is unlikely to be collected and must be recognized as a loss by the lender or seller.
Bad Debt Provision
An accounting charge that sets aside an allowance for expected losses on loans or receivables.
Bank
A financial institution that takes deposits, extends credit, and provides payment and financial services.
Mortgage-Backed Security (MBS)
A bond-like security backed by the cash flows from a pool of mortgage loans.