A pejorative description of the tendency for talented individuals to migrate from poorer countries to richer countries in search of better employment opportunities and living standards.
The banking system under which banks are allowed to have branches. Branch banking in some countries, including the United States, has sometimes been restricted to reduce the monopoly power of banks.
The report of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues aimed at fostering North-South cooperation, chaired by Willy Brandt, and published in 1980.
An overview of the economic coalition comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa focused on their global impact and developmental strategies.
An exploration of the term 'business' encompassing all forms of industrial and commercial profit-seeking activity, including its cycle, lobby, and broader economic significance.
An overview of the commercial term 'c.i.f.' which stands for Cost, Insurance, and Freight, indicating the seller's responsibility in international shipping.
Capital formation refers to the process of adding to the stock of real productive equipment by constructing it or purchasing it from outside suppliers.
The movement of capital between countries, either as outflows of domestically owned capital to foreign countries or inflows of foreign-owned capital into a country.
The part of a company's net assets that exceed the share capital contributed by shareholders, typically arising from various sources and generally retained rather than distributed as dividends.