Floating Exchange Rate
An in-depth exploration of the concept of floating exchange rate in economics, including its different forms, analytical frameworks, historical context, and comparative analysis.
floor
In trade cycle theory, the lowest level of real national product during the slump phase of a trade cycle.
Floor Price
The lowest price that a commodity stabilization scheme is intended to allow.
Flotation
The process of making shares in a company available for sale to the investing public.
Flow
Definition and analysis of the economic term 'flow.'
Folk Theorem
An examination of the Folk Theorem in the context of game theory, defining its significance and implications as established in economics.
Food and Agriculture Organization
An agency of the United Nations responsible for addressing problems related to agricultural production and nutrition.
Food Security
The guarantee of continuous access to sufficient food to meet human nutritional and health needs.
Food Stamps
Documents issued to poor families in the US under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to entitle them to obtain free or cut-price foodstuffs.
Food Subsidies
An exploration of food subsidies, their role in the economy, and their broader socio-economic impacts.
Footloose Industry
Industries with minimal locational advantages and high mobility potential due to small cost differences.
Forecast
An exploration of the concept and usage of forecasts in economics, including dynamic and static forecasts.
Foreclosure
The process by which a lender takes control of a mortgaged property due to the borrower's default on payment obligations.
Foreign Aid
An overview of foreign aid, its purpose, history, and diverse conceptual frameworks within economics.
Foreign Currency-Denominated Borrowing
An in-depth examination of borrowing denominated in a foreign currency, its motivations, implications, and effects on economic stability.
Foreign Direct Investment
An exploration into the acquisition of real assets across borders by residents, entities, or governments.
Foreign Exchange
A comprehensive exploration of the term 'Foreign Exchange,' its definition, significance, contexts in economics, and relevant analytical frameworks.
Foreign Exchange Control
An overview of foreign exchange control in economics, including its definitions, historical context, and major analytical frameworks.
Foreign Exchange Markets
Comprehensive overview of foreign exchange markets, encapsulating key concepts, historical context, major analytical frameworks, comparative analysis, and suggested readings.
Foreign Exchange Rate
An examination of the concept, historical development, and analytical frameworks of foreign exchange rates in economics.
Foreign Exchange Reserves
Liquid assets held by a country's government or central bank for the purpose of intervening in the foreign exchange market.
Foreign Investment
Comprehensive exploration of foreign investment encompassing its types and impacts in global economics.
Foreign Trade
Trade in goods and services across national borders. See also exports; imports.
Fortress Europe
An expression of concerns regarding European isolationism.
Forward and Futures Contracts
Contracts for the future delivery of a commodity, financial asset, or financial index.
Forward Contract
A type of contract where the price for commodities, securities, or currencies is agreed to be delivered at a future date.
Forward Contract
Understanding the forward contracts for future delivery of an asset or commodity
forward exchange market
Understanding the forward exchange market
Forward Exchange Rate
Exchange rate quoted for delivery and payment on a specified future date.
Forward Integration
The process by which a company acquires or merges with downstream activities in its value chain.
Forward Market
A market for future delivery of commodities, securities, or currencies.
forward price
The agreed-upon price for future delivery of commodities, securities, or currencies under a forward contract.
Forward-Looking Behaviour
Engagement of economic agents in planning and expectations based on future projections and policy changes.
Fourier Analysis
An expansion of a periodic function into an infinite sum of sines and cosines, applied primarily in time series econometrics.
Fractional Reserve Banking
A banking system wherein banks keep a fraction of their deposit liabilities as reserves in cash or highly liquid assets to meet their obligations.
Franc Fort
The policy of using the foreign exchange rate as an inflation anchor, primarily focusing on the experience of France and Belgium in the 1980s and early 1990s.
Franchise
Exploring the system of franchising, including its definitions, major frameworks, and historical context.
Free Enterprise
An economy where production and consumption decisions are made by individuals and companies with minimal government regulation.
Free Entry
The concept of free entry in economics and its implications for market competition.
Free Exchange Rate
A comprehensive definition of the term 'Free Exchange Rate' and its economic implications.
Free Exit
The absence of obstacles to leaving a market, ensuring that no firm will persist in a market where it isn't earning at least normal profit.
Free Good
A good which is not scarce, so that its availability is not an effective constraint on economic activity.
Free Lunch
A detailed entry exploring the concept of 'free lunch' in economics, including its historical context, definitions, and implications.
Free Market
A comprehensive look at the concept of a free market, its historical context, analytical frameworks, and related economic theories.
Free on Board (F.O.B.)
A term referring to a quoted price for goods that are placed on a vessel by the seller, ready to leave a country.
Free Port
A seaport or airport where national tariffs are not levied to encourage entrepôt trade.
Free Rider
Definition and meaning of the term 'free rider' in economics.
Free Trade
A policy of unrestricted foreign trade, with no tariffs, subsidies, quotas, or trade restrictions, typically applying to most, but not all goods.
Free-Market Economy
A comprehensive overview of the concept of a free-market economy, where economic activity is organized through free markets without central direction.
Free-Trade Agreement
An in-depth look at free-trade agreements, their historical context, analytical frameworks, and case studies
Free-Trade Area
A comprehensive look into the concept of a free-trade area, its definitions, frameworks, and impacts.
Free-Trade Zone
An area in a country where national tariffs are exempted to encourage export-oriented industries.
Freehold
A type of land or property ownership in the UK held without obligation to a landlord.
Frequency Distribution
An overview explaining the concept of 'Frequency Distribution' in economics, its historical context, and its role in various analytical frameworks.
Frequency Domain Analysis
An approach in time series econometrics used to analyze the properties and characteristics of a stochastic process using its spectral density.
Frequency Table
A comprehensive examination of frequency tables used for summarizing data.
Frictional Unemployment
An explanation of frictional unemployment, its definitions, historical context, and analytical frameworks in economics.
Friendly Society
Overview and analysis of friendly societies as non-profit financial institutions in the UK
Fringe Benefits
Additional benefits provided to employees beyond salary, bonuses, and pensions.
Front-End Charge
A fee charged at the onset of an investment, typically as a percentage of the initial investment amount.
Full Cost Pricing
A method of pricing that covers average costs at normal production levels with an added conventional mark-up.
Full Employment
A comprehensive analysis of the concept of full employment in economics.
Full Employment National Income
A level of real gross domestic product consistent with full employment.
Full Information Maximum Likelihood
A comprehensive look at the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimation method in economics.
Full Line Forcing
A comprehensive overview of the economic practice known as full line forcing.
Fully Funded Pension
An in-depth explanation of fully funded pension plans and their economic implications.
Functional Income Distribution
Overview of the distribution of income among various factors of production.
Fundamental Analysis
A comprehensive overview and analysis method for valuing companies, focusing on examining their financial positions and activities.
Fundamental Disequilibrium
The condition of the balance of payments under which the original rules of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) allowed countries to devalue their currencies.
Fundamental Theorems of Welfare Economics
An exploration of the two fundamental theorems that describe the efficiency properties of a competitive equilibrium.
Fundamentals
Definition and meaning of fundamentals in microeconomic theory
Funding
The process of converting government debt from short-term to long-term forms in economic contexts.
Futures
An in-depth examination of futures, financial futures, futures contracts, and interest-rate futures in economics.
Futures Contract
A contract to buy or sell a good, share, or currency on a future date, at a price decided when the contract is entered into.
Futures Market
A market organization where futures contracts for commodities, shares, or currencies are traded, committing parties to buy or sell at a predetermined future date and price.