Critical Value
A key term in statistical hypothesis testing representing the value at which the null hypothesis is rejected at a given significance level.
Cross-Holding
An exploration of the economic concept of cross-holding, where two companies each hold shares in one another.
Cross-Price Elasticity
A measure of the responsiveness of the quantity demanded for one good when the price of another good changes.
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
An exploration of cross-price elasticity of demand, its definition, applications, and implications within multiple economic theories.
Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand
Exploring the relationship between the demand for one good and the price of a different good, through the lens of cross-price elasticity
Cross-Section Data
Definition and exploration of cross-section data in economics
Cross-Subsidization
An economic concept where profits from certain goods or services are used to subsidize the losses incurred on other goods or services.
Crowding Out
The economic phenomenon where an increase in public sector spending may reduce private sector spending.
Cum Dividend
Sale of shares including the right for the purchaser to receive a dividend already declared but not yet paid.
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF)
The concept of cumulative distribution function (CDF) in probability and its key properties.
Cumulative Preference Share
A type of preference share where dividends, including any arrears, must be paid to the shareholder before any dividends can be paid to ordinary shareholders.
Currency
Comprehensive entry discussing the concept, definition, and context of 'Currency' in economics, especially in international trade.
Currency Appreciation
A rise in the price of a country’s currency in terms of foreign currency, and its economic implications.
Currency Depreciation
A decrease in the value of one currency in terms of other currencies.
Currency Peg
An overview of the concept of a currency peg in economics.
Currency Reform
Replacement of a currency by a new one to address various economic issues such as inflation or financial regulation.
Currency Risk
The risk that changes in exchange rates will affect the profitability of overseas activities and commitments.
Currency Swap
A detailed examination of the concept of currency swap in economics.
Current (Bank) Account
A definition and detailed exploration of the term 'Current (Bank) Account' in Economics.
Current Account
A comprehensive overview of the economics term 'current account,' including its definition, historical context, and analytical frameworks.
Current Account Deficit
Understanding the concept of current account deficit in a country's balance of payments
Current Account Surplus
An excess of receipts over expenditure on the current account in a country’s balance of payments.
Current Assets
Definition and analysis of current assets, frequently turned over in business operations and distinguished from fixed assets.
Current Liabilities
Definition and analysis of current liabilities, their significance, and applications in economic contexts
Current Population Survey (CPS)
A comprehensive monthly survey conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics providing data on the labor force, employment, unemployment, and persons not in the labor force.
Current Prices
Measurement of economic magnitudes using the prices actually prevailing at any given time.
Current-Weighted Index
An explanation of the current-weighted index, better known as the Paasche index, including its definition, significance, and comparative analysis with other economic indices.
Current-weighted or Paasche Price Index
An overview of the current-weighted or Paasche price index and its significance in economics.
Current-Weighted, or Paasche, Volume Index
A comprehensive guide to understanding the current-weighted, or Paasche, volume index.
Curse of Dimensionality
The difficulties that arise in mathematical models as the number of variables increases
Customs and Excise
The UK tax authority responsible for collecting indirect taxes, including customs duties, before merging with HM Revenue in 2005 to form HM Revenue and Customs.
Customs Drawback
A refund of customs duty collected on imports, paid when they are re-exported.
Customs Duty
An entry outlining the meaning, historical context, analytical frameworks, and related concepts of customs duty, a tax on imports.
Customs Union
A trade agreement by which a group of countries allow free trade among themselves while maintaining a common external tariff on trade with non-members.
Cut-throat Competition
An in-depth look at the concept of cut-throat competition in economics, its implications, and how it is analyzed in various economic theories.
Cuts in Expenditure
Exploring the concept of cuts in expenditure, particularly in the context of government spending
Cycle
An in-depth exploration of cyclical processes in economics, encompassing various types such as business cycles, credit cycles, and more.
Cyclical Adjustment
An analysis technique adjusting economic figures to reflect trend or normal activity levels.
Cyclical Unemployment
An analysis and understanding of cyclical unemployment within the context of economic cycles.
Cyclically Adjusted Budget Deficit
A calculation of what the government's budget deficit would be under normal economic conditions, assuming stable rules and rates for spending and taxes.
Cyclically adjusted PSBR
A calculation of what the Public Sector Borrowing Requirement (PSBR) would be at a normal level of economic activity.
Economic Convergence
A detailed exploration of the tendency for economies to become increasingly similar over time.
Game of Chicken in Economics
An analysis of the Game of Chicken, a two-player game illustrating potential conflicts and outcomes.
Market Concentration
A term describing the extent to which a market is dominated by a limited number of firms.
Paasche Price Index
A price index that uses current-period quantities as weights to compare current prices to base-period prices.